What Is a Corticosteroid Inhaler?

A corticosteroid inhaler, also known as a preventer inhaler, is a type of medicine used to manage asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It contains a low dose of steroid medicine that reduces inflammation in the airways, helping to prevent symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and breathlessness. It is usually used every day, even when you feel well [1].

How does a corticosteroid inhaler work?

Corticosteroids help by calming down the swelling and irritation inside the lungs. When the airways are less inflamed, they are less likely to react to triggers such as pollen, dust, smoke, or cold air. This means you’re less likely to have asthma symptoms or an asthma attack.

When is a corticosteroid inhaler used?

This type of inhaler is used regularly to prevent symptoms. It is not meant to give fast relief during an asthma attack, that’s what a reliever (blue) inhaler is for. A preventer inhaler should be used every day, even if you're feeling fine, to keep inflammation under control.

What are some common corticosteroid inhalers?

Examples of commonly used corticosteroid inhalers in the UK include:

Beclometasone (e.g. Clenil Modulite)
Budesonide (e.g. Pulmicort)
Fluticasone (e.g. Flixotide)
Mometasone (e.g. Asmanex Twisthaler)

Some inhalers combine a corticosteroid with a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) for added symptom control.

How do you use a corticosteroid inhaler?

Using the inhaler correctly is key. The medicine needs to reach deep into your lungs. General steps include:

Shake the inhaler if required
Breathe out fully before using it
Inhale slowly and deeply while pressing the inhaler
Hold your breath for 5–10 seconds, then breathe out gently
Rinse your mouth after use to prevent side effects like thrush

Your asthma nurse or pharmacist can check your technique and give tips if needed.

Are there any side effects?

Corticosteroid inhalers are generally safe and well-tolerated, especially at low doses. Possible side effects include:

Sore throat
Hoarse voice
Oral thrush (a fungal infection in the mouth)

These can usually be avoided by rinsing your mouth or brushing your teeth after using your inhaler.

Do corticosteroid inhalers contain the same steroids used in bodybuilding?

No. The steroids in inhalers are not the same as the anabolic steroids used by some athletes. Corticosteroids are a safe and common treatment for inflammation and are used at very low doses when inhaled.

Why is it important to take a corticosteroid inhaler every day?

Even if you feel fine, inflammation in your lungs can still be present. Taking your preventer inhaler daily keeps the swelling down, reduces the chance of an asthma attack, and helps your lungs stay healthy long-term.

Key Takeaways

A corticosteroid inhaler is a preventer inhaler used to reduce inflammation in the lungs.
It helps control asthma or COPD symptoms and prevents flare-ups.
It should be taken every day, even when you’re feeling well.
Correct inhaler technique and mouth rinsing help prevent side effects.
This type of steroid is safe and different from anabolic steroids used in sports.

Reminder: If you’re unsure how to use your corticosteroid inhaler or have any side effects, speak to your GP, asthma nurse, or pharmacist. Regular reviews help ensure your treatment works effectively.

Sources

[1] Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy versus maintenance budesonide plus terbutaline reliever therapy in adults with mild to moderate asthma (PRACTICAL): a 52-week, open-label, multicentre, superiority, randomised controlled trial Hardy, JoCorin, Andrew et al. The Lancet, Volume 394, Issue 10202, 919 - 928