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NAD+ Injections
Support Your Cellular Health & Energy
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a vital coenzyme found in every cell of the body. It plays a key role in energy production, DNA repair and cellular communication. As we age, NAD+ levels naturally decline, which can impact overall health and contribute to ageing-related conditions. Maintaining optimal NAD+ levels through NAD+ therapy such as using NAD+ self-injections and supplements can support cellular regeneration, cognitive function, metabolic health, and overall well-being.
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Boost Your Wellness with Self-Injection NAD+ Pens
Support your energy, focus, and overall health with NAD+ self-injection pens.
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a natural substance found in every cell of your body. It helps create energy, repair cells, and keep your brain and body working at their best. But as we age, NAD+ levels drop, which can lead to tiredness, brain fog, and slower recovery.
UK Meds makes it easy to feel your best. Our NAD+ pens are simple to use at home, giving you the flexibility to boost your wellbeing on your own schedule – without the need for a clinic visit.
Want to boost your energy, stay mentally sharp, and age in a healthier way? NAD+ therapy could help.
What Are NAD+ Injections?
NAD+ injections are a fast and efficient way to boost your body’s levels of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital molecule that helps power your cells. These injections are popular in the fields of health optimisation, longevity, and anti-ageing [1][2].
By delivering NAD+ directly into your bloodstream, injectable treatments may support:
- Improved energy production at the cellular level
- Enhanced brain function and mental clarity
- Support for healthy ageing and DNA repair
- Faster recovery from stress, fatigue, or illness
Understanding NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)
NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every cell of your body [3][4]. It plays a key role in:
- Converting food into usable energy (ATP)
- Repairing damaged DNA and maintaining cell health
- Supporting metabolism and mitochondrial function
- Activating longevity-related proteins (sirtuins)
Without enough NAD+, your cells may struggle to perform basic functions—leading to fatigue, brain fog, and signs of premature ageing.
Is NAD the same as NAD+?
No, NAD and NAD+ are related, but they’re not exactly the same. NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is the general name for a molecule that exists in two forms: NAD+ and NADH.
NAD+ is the active form your body uses in important processes like turning food into energy and repairing DNA. It works by picking up electrons and changing into NADH. NADH then gives away those electrons during other reactions and turns back into NAD+.
This back-and-forth cycle helps your cells stay healthy and energised.
Why NAD+ Levels Decline With Age
As we get older, our natural NAD+ levels start to drop. This decline can be made worse by:
- Stress and poor sleep
- Excess alcohol or sugar consumption
- Chronic illness or inflammation
- Exposure to toxins and pollutants
This reduction in NAD+ has been linked to age-related health issues such as low energy, weakened immunity, poor memory, and reduced cellular repair [5][2].
What Makes Injectable NAD+ Different From Pills or Patches?
While NAD+ supplements come in various forms, such as capsules, patches, or oral treatments, injectables offer unique benefits in terms of speed and effectiveness.
Form | Absorption | Onset Time | Typical Use |
---|---|---|---|
NAD+ Injections | High – it goes directly into bloodstream | Fast – often within hours | Targeted energy boost, brain support, anti-ageing |
NAD+ Pills | Low to moderate – can be affected by digestion | Slower – may take weeks to notice effects | General daily support |
NAD+ Patches | Moderate – absorbed through skin | Moderate – gradual release | Convenient but less potent than injections |
NAD+ injections are often chosen by people who want noticeable results quickly, especially if they are feeling run-down, have demanding lifestyles, or are actively pursuing wellness and longevity goals.
How Do NAD+ Injections Work in the Body?
NAD+ injections deliver this essential coenzyme straight into your bloodstream, where it can quickly get to work supporting your cells. Unlike oral supplements, which must pass through the digestive tract, injections allow NAD+ to be absorbed directly and efficiently.
The Role of NAD+ in Cellular Energy (ATP) Production
Every cell in your body relies on NAD+ to generate energy. It does this by helping your mitochondria (the powerhouses of your cells) convert nutrients into ATP, your body’s main energy currency1.
Without enough NAD+, your cells may struggle to:
- Maintain normal energy levels
- Carry out vital functions such as repair and regeneration
- Combat oxidative stress and inflammation
This is why NAD+ therapy is often associated with improved energy, clearer thinking, and better overall vitality [6].
How Injecting NAD+ Bypasses the Digestive System
When taken by mouth, NAD+ must be broken down by the digestive system and absorbed through the gut. This process can reduce how much of the active ingredient actually makes it into your bloodstream.
With injections, NAD+ bypasses the digestive system entirely and enters the bloodstream directly. This offers several key benefits:
- Higher absorption and bioavailability
- Faster onset of effects – often within hours
- More predictable and consistent results
This makes injectable NAD+ ideal for people who need quick, noticeable support, whether for brain fog, fatigue, stress, or active recovery.
Scientific Evidence Supporting NAD+ Therapy
Research into NAD+ therapy is growing, with studies highlighting its potential to support various aspects of health and ageing:
- Energy metabolism: Studies show that NAD+ is vital for mitochondrial function and ATP production, directly influencing how energised you feel[1].
- Brain function: NAD+ may support cognitive performance and protect neurons against age-related damage [7].
- Cell repair: NAD+ activates sirtuins, a group of proteins that help repair DNA and regulate ageing [8].
- Anti-ageing benefits: Animal studies have linked higher NAD+ levels with improved lifespan and delayed age-related decline [9].
What is NAD+ Therapy?
NAD+ (short for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a natural molecule found in every cell of your body. It helps turn the food you eat into energy, repairs cells, and keeps your brain and body working as they should.
As you age, your NAD+ levels naturally fall. This drop can leave you feeling tired, foggy-headed, slower to recover after exercise, and generally low in energy. NAD+ therapy works by boosting these levels, helping your body feel stronger, sharper, and more refreshed.
Restoring NAD+ may help you feel more energised, focused, and clear-headed, while also supporting healthy ageing and your long-term wellbeing.
Who Can Benefit from NAD+ Therapy?
NAD+ therapy may be right for you if you're feeling low on energy, struggling with focus, or want to support healthy ageing.
If you're unsure whether NAD+ therapy is right for you, our team can guide you based on your personal health goals and lifestyle.
Injections vs NAD+ Oral Capsules
NAD+ capsules are widely available and easy to use, but they may not work as quickly or effectively as injections.
Feature | NAD+ Injections | NAD+ Capsules |
---|---|---|
Absorption | High – goes straight into the bloodstream | Low to moderate – affected by your gut health |
Speed of Effect | Fast – some people feel the difference within hours | Slower – may take a few weeks of daily use |
Bioavailability | Very high – little is lost in the process | Lower – broken down during digestion |
Convenience | Needs a self-injection or clinic visit | Easy – take one daily with water |
Oral capsules are a good choice if you want something quick and easy. But if you're looking for faster or stronger effects, NAD+ injections may be more suitable. Everyone's body is different, so results can vary.
NAD+ Injections vs NMN and NR (Precursors)
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) and NR (Nicotinamide Riboside) are common supplements known as NAD+ precursors. This means your body has to convert them into NAD+ before they can be used.
- NMN/NR: Go through several conversion steps in the body. How well this works can depend on your age and overall health.
- NAD+ Injections: Deliver NAD+ directly in its active form, so your body can use it straight away without any conversion.
NMN and NR can be helpful for everyday support. But if you want quicker or stronger results, such as during times of stress, tiredness, or age-related decline, NAD+ injections may be more effective.
Injections vs IV Drips
Both injections and IV drips deliver NAD+ straight into your bloodstream, but the main difference is how and where you take them:
- IV Drips: Usually done in a clinic. They take 1-2 hours and are often used for high doses or longer treatment plans.
- Injections: Quick and easy to do at home. They only take a few minutes and offer more flexibility.
Injections are ideal if you want a convenient and time-saving way to get the same potential benefits without going to a clinic.
Which NAD+ Option Is Best for Me?
The right choice depends on your health goals, lifestyle, and personal preferences. Here's a simple guide:
Goal | Recommended Option |
---|---|
Quick energy or mental clarity | NAD+ Injections |
Daily support and general wellbeing | NAD+ Capsules or NR/NMN Supplements |
High-dose or long-term treatment | IV Drip (in-clinic) |
Ageing support over time | Injections or NMN (based on preference) |
If you're not sure which option is right for you, speak to a registered healthcare professional or book a clinical consultation. Everyone's needs are different, so it's best to get advice tailored to your health and goals.
What are the benefits of NAD+ Injections?
NAD+ injections offer a range of health benefits by boosting your body’s natural energy and repair systems. Here’s a quick look at how they can help:
Benefit | How It Helps |
---|---|
Anti-ageing Support | Helps repair damaged cells, reduce oxidative stress, and slow signs of ageing by supporting cell health. |
More Energy | Boosts energy by improving how your cells create fuel (ATP), helping to fight tiredness and fatigue. |
Sharper Thinking | May improve memory, focus, and mental clarity by supporting brain cell function. |
Metabolism Boost | Supports how your body processes food and breaks down fats, which can help with weight management. |
Stronger Immune System | Helps your body fight off illness by supporting your natural immune defences. |
Better Athletic Recovery | May reduce recovery time and improve stamina by supporting muscle repair and energy production. |
Overall Wellbeing | Supports general health by helping your cells function better and making you feel more balanced and energised. |
Lifestyle Tips to Naturally Support NAD+ Levels
NAD+ injections can give your body a quick boost, but your everyday habits also matter. Simple lifestyle changes can help your body make and maintain healthy NAD+ levels over time. This may support long-term cell health and slow the natural drop in NAD+ that comes with ageing.
Diet and Foods That May Help Boost NAD+
Eating a balanced diet with plenty of B vitamins can help your body make more NAD+. Nutrients like niacin (vitamin B3) and tryptophan are key building blocks your cells use to create it [12].
Foods that may support NAD+ production:
- Avocados – packed with B vitamins and healthy fats
- Oily fish (like salmon, mackerel, and sardines) - rich in B vitamins and support energy production in cells
- Dairy products (like yoghurt and cheese) - contain both niacin and tryptophan
- Leafy greens - such as spinach and kale, full of antioxidants
- Whole foods over processed grains - better for reducing inflammation and supporting overall health
Drinking enough water and cutting down on sugar, alcohol, and processed foods can also support healthy NAD+ levels and metabolism.
Exercise and Sleep for Cellular Health
Regular movement and rest are crucial to keeping your mitochondria and NAD+ functioning efficiently [13][14][15][16]. Exercise increases NAD+ turnover, helping your body make better use of it.
- Aerobic exercise: Running, walking, swimming, or cycling can stimulate mitochondrial activity and NAD+ production
- Strength training: Helps regulate blood sugar and reduce oxidative stress
- Sleep: Deep rest supports DNA repair and hormonal balance, both of which depend on NAD+-powered enzymes
Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity per week and 7–9 hours of good-quality sleep each night, as advised by the NHS.
Reducing Stress to Protect Your NAD+ Levels
Long-term stress can lower your NAD+ levels by increasing inflammation and oxidative stress in the body. Supporting your nervous system may help slow down NAD+ loss and improve your overall wellbeing.
Simple ways to manage stress [17][18]:
- Try mindfulness, meditation, or breathing exercises
- Make sure you're getting enough sleep
- Spend time outdoors, move your body, or enjoy creative hobbies
- Cut back on stimulants like caffeine and alcohol
- Use saunas or hot baths - gentle heat may support NAD+ production
- Stay connected with friends, family, or a support group
Supplementation as an Extra Boost
Alongside healthy lifestyle changes, many people choose to support their NAD+ levels with supplements. NAD+ injections and IV therapy are popular because they deliver NAD+ directly into the bloodstream, offering fast and effective results.
These options can support your health, especially during times of stress, tiredness, or recovery. Combining lifestyle improvements with supplementation may provide a more complete approach to feeling better and staying energised long term.
What Is a NAD+ Supplement?
A NAD+ supplement helps restore levels of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital molecule found in every cell. As we get older, our NAD+ levels naturally drop. This can affect energy, brain function, metabolism, and the body’s ability to repair itself.
NAD+ supplements are designed to top up these levels. They’re available as oral capsules, precursors like NMN or NR, patches, IV drips, or injections. Of these, NAD+ injections are among the most effective, as they go straight into the bloodstream for quick absorption and high bioavailability.
As with any supplement, how well it works can depend on your age, health, and lifestyle.
How to Use NAD+ Injections Safely
It’s important to use NAD+ injections safely to get the best results and avoid side effects. The NAD+ injection pen is made for easy self-use at home. Here’s a simple guide on how to set up, inject, and store your NAD+ safely and effectively.
Self-Injecting at Home: What You Need to Know
The NAD+ pen delivers the solution just under the skin (a subcutaneous injection). Each dose is easy to give yourself by following a few simple steps. For the best results and safety:
- Inject once a day for the first three days (this is your loading phase)
- After that, inject every other day if needed
- Recommended dose: up to 50mg per injection, which is 30 units on the pen (0.3ml)
How to Set Up Your NAD+ Injection Pen
Before you start, let the pen and cartridge sit at room temperature for 2–3 minutes. Then follow these simple steps:
- Take the pen and cartridge out of their packaging
- Remove the lid from the pen and unscrew the cartridge holder
- If you see the plunger, gently push it into the base of the pen
- Place the NAD+ cartridge into the cartridge holder
- Screw the cartridge holder back onto the pen
- Twist the pen until the dosage meter is fully visible
- Push the dosage meter several times until the plunger reaches the bottom of the cartridge and you feel resistance
Your pen is now ready to use.
How to Give Yourself the Injection
Follow these steps to safely and effectively use your NAD+ injection pen:
- Attach a 6mm needle to the pen. Leave the needle cover on for now.
- Clean your chosen injection site (stomach, thigh, or buttock) with an alcohol wipe.
- Remove the needle cover.
- Twist the dosage meter to select your dose (e.g. 30 units = 50mg).
- Gently pinch the skin to pull it away from the muscle.
- Insert the needle just under the skin and keep your hand steady to avoid bruising.
- Press the button to deliver the dose.
- Count to three, then remove the needle.
- Put the cover back on the needle and unscrew it from the pen.
- Put the pen lid back on and store it in the fridge.
- Dispose of the used needle in a sharps bin.
Rotate your injection site each time to avoid skin irritation.
Common Reactions and What to Expect
Mild side effects at the injection site are normal and usually nothing to worry about:
- Redness or a small spot of blood where the needle went in
- A drop of NAD+ solution left on the skin after injection
- Light bruising if the needle moves during use
If you notice ongoing or more serious symptoms, stop using the pen and speak to a healthcare professional.
How Often Should You Take NAD+ Injections?
How often you use NAD+ injections depends on your health goals and routine. Here’s a general guide:
- Loading phase: Inject once a day for the first 3 days
- Maintenance phase: Inject every other day, or as needed
Each dose should be no more than 50mg (0.3ml). Always follow the instructions included with your kit.
Best Practices for Storing and Using NAD+
Follow these tips to keep your NAD+ safe and effective:
- Store the full kit in the fridge at 2°C to 8°C
- Let the pen come to room temperature before each use
- Keep the kit away from sunlight, heat, and moisture
- Store safely out of reach of children and pets
Before using a vial, check for any expiry dates, discolouration, or floating particles. Do not use the solution if it looks off.
How to Refill Your NAD+ Pen
- Remove the pen lid and unscrew the clear section
- Push the plunger down to reset it
- Remove the used cartridge and dispose of it in a sharps bin
- Insert a new NAD+ cartridge into the clear section
- Reattach the cartridge section to the pen and use as normal
When to Seek Medical Advice
It is highly recommended to consult a healthcare professional before taking NAD+ daily to ensure the appropriate dosage and frequency based on your health needs and goals[10].
Additionally, while NAD+ injections are generally well tolerated, you should speak to a healthcare professional if you experience:
- Persistent swelling, redness, or pain at the injection site
- Signs of allergy – rash, itching, or breathing difficulty
- Unusual fatigue, headaches, or digestive upset
- Any symptoms that concern you or feel unusual
What's Included in the NAD+ Pen Kit?
Your injection kit includes everything needed for safe home use:
- 1x NAD+ self-injection pen
- 2x NAD+ solution cartridges
- Micro-needles (6mm)
- Antibacterial wipes
- 1x Sharps bin for safe disposal
Side Effects: Are NAD+ Injections Safe?
NAD+ injections are generally well tolerated when used correctly and may offer several wellness benefits. Because NAD+ is a coenzyme already found in the body, supplementing it through injections is considered low risk for most healthy adults. However, as with any supplement, it's important to understand the potential side effects, interactions, and when NAD+ may not be appropriate.
Possible Side Effects and How to Manage Them
Most side effects from NAD+ injections are mild and short-term. They are typically related to the injection process rather than the NAD+ compound itself.
- Redness or swelling: Common at the injection site; usually fades within hours.
- Bruising: May occur if the needle is moved or the same site is reused frequently.
- Stinging or discomfort: Often reduced by letting the solution reach room temperature before injecting.
- Fatigue or flushing: Can occasionally occur after first-time use but generally settles quickly.
How to reduce side effects:
- Clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe before each use
- Rotate between injection sites to avoid skin irritation
- Inject slowly and stay still during administration
- Warm the pen to room temperature before injecting
If symptoms are persistent, unusual, or severe, stop using NAD+ and consult a healthcare professional.
Who Should Avoid NAD+ Injections?
While NAD+ is safe for many people, it may not be suitable in certain circumstances. You should avoid or delay use if you:
- Are pregnant or breastfeeding
- Have an active or recent cancer diagnosis
- Are receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy
- Have known allergies to any component in the injection
Does NAD+ Cause Cancer?
There is no clear evidence that NAD+ directly causes cancer. However, NAD+ plays a role in both cellular repair and energy production pathways. This includes glycolysis, which cancer cells use for rapid growth. Some research suggests cancer cells may exploit NAD+ metabolism to support tumour progression.
At the same time, NAD+ is essential for DNA repair and has even been studied as a potential support in cancer treatment [11]. The relationship between NAD+ and cancer is complex and not fully understood. If you have a history of cancer or are at increased risk, consult a healthcare professional before starting NAD+ supplementation.
Combining NAD+ With Other Wellness Supplements
NAD+ injections can be used alongside other supplements as part of a holistic wellness routine. Common combinations include:
- Vitamin B12: Often paired with NAD+ to support energy and cognitive function
- Magnesium: Helps with muscle recovery and relaxation
- NMN or NR: NAD+ precursors that may support long-term NAD+ levels
- Adaptogens: Such as rhodiola or ashwagandha, for stress resilience
Does NAD+ Interact With Medications?
NAD+ may interact with certain medications or change how the body responds to them. For example:
- Some antidepressants may affect NAD+ availability, potentially making supplementation less effective
- NAD+ may influence insulin sensitivity, which could affect people managing diabetes
- Other anti-ageing supplements may enhance the effects of NAD+, possibly requiring dosage adjustments
If you are taking prescription medication or other supplements, it's best to speak to a healthcare professional before adding NAD+ to your daily routine. This helps ensure there are no unwanted interactions.
NAD+ FAQs
Below, UK Meds has answered some of the most common questions that our customers ask us about NAD+ supplementation:
What Does NAD Mean In Medical Terms?
In medical terms, NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. This is a coenzyme that is present in the human body. It exists in two forms: NAD+ (oxidised) and NADH (reduced), both of which play key roles in processes like energy production, DNA repair and cellular communication. As we age, NAD+ levels naturally decline, contributing to various health issues and age-related diseases.
It is important to note that NAD+ differs from the abbreviation "NAD", commonly used on NHS health records. This stands for "Nothing Abnormal Detected" [19].
Do NAD+ injections hurt?
The pain associated with NAD+ injections is typically minimal. You may feel a slight pinch or discomfort when the needle is inserted. Allowing the NAD+ solution to reach room temperature before you inject it can help reduce discomfort. Rotating injection sites can also prevent irritation and soreness.
Is NAD the Same as Vitamin B3?
NAD+ is not exactly the same as vitamin B3, but they are closely linked. Your body makes NAD+ from certain forms of vitamin B3. These include nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside.
These B3 forms help your body maintain healthy NAD+ levels. This is important for energy, cell repair, and many key functions in the body.
Can NAD+ Help with Hair Growth?
NAD+ plays a key role in important cell functions like DNA repair, energy production, and managing oxidative stress (damage caused by free radicals).
Buy NAD+ Injections Online from UK Meds
Can I buy NAD+ Injections online in the UK?
Yes, you can purchase NAD+ injections such as NAD+ injections by Vivere from UK Meds. Always consult your healthcare provider or doctor before taking NAD supplements to ensure they are safe and suitable for your individual needs.
Do I need a prescription?
No, currently NAD+ does not require a prescription to purchase, meaning it is available over the counter. You should still always consult a medical professional before starting any supplements or treatments.
Which NAD+ injections are available at UK Meds?
UK Meds currently offer the NAD+ injection by Vivere. Vivere’s NAD+ pen is the only one made in a trusted UK MHRA-licensed, GMP-certified facility and supplied by an NHS-approved, UKAS-certified partner.
Learn more with UK Meds support resources for NAD+:
- NAD: A Beginner's Guide - Learn the basics of NAD, its role in your body, and why it’s important for your overall health.
- What Does NAD Mean in Medical Terms? - Find out what NAD stands for in medical terms and how it affects your health.
- What Are NAD Levels in the Body? - Discover what NAD levels are and how they impact your body’s energy and aging process.
- How to Increase NAD Levels Naturally - Learn natural ways to boost your NAD levels for better health and energy.
Sources
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- [2] Covarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A, Verdin E. NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021 Feb;22(2):119-141. doi: 10.1038/s41580-020-00313-x. Epub 2020 Dec 22. PMID: 33353981; PMCID: PMC7963035.
- [3] Amjad S, Nisar S, Bhat AA, Shah AR, Frenneaux MP, Fakhro K, Haris M, Reddy R, Patay Z, Baur J, Bagga P. Role of NAD+ in regulating cellular and metabolic signaling pathways. Mol Metab. 2021 Jul;49:101195. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101195. Epub 2021 Feb 17. PMID: 33609766; PMCID: PMC7973386.
- [4] Lautrup S, Sinclair DA, Mattson MP, Fang EF. NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cell Metab. 2019 Oct 1;30(4):630-655. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.001. PMID: 31577933; PMCID: PMC6787556.
- [5] Melanie R. McReynolds, Karthikeyani Chellappa, Joseph A. Baur, Age-related NAD+ decline, Experimental Gerontology, Volume 134, 2020, 110888, ISSN 0531-5565, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.110888.
- [6] Verdin E. NAD⁺ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1208-13. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4854. PMID: 26785480.
- [7] Gong B, Pan Y, Vempati P, Zhao W, Knable L, Ho L, Wang J, Sastre M, Ono K, Sauve AA, Pasinetti GM. Nicotinamide riboside restores cognition through an upregulation of proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α regulated β-secretase 1 degradation and mitochondrial gene expression in Alzheimer's mouse models. Neurobiol Aging. 2013 Jun;34(6):1581-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.12.005. Epub 2013 Jan 9. PMID: 23312803; PMCID: PMC3632303.
- [8] Guarente L. Calorie restriction and sirtuins revisited. Genes Dev. 2013 Oct 1;27(19):2072-85. doi: 10.1101/gad.227439.113. PMID: 24115767; PMCID: PMC3850092.
- [9] Kathryn F. Mills, Shohei Yoshida, Liana R. Stein, Alessia Grozio, Shunsuke Kubota, Yo Sasaki, Philip Redpath, Marie E. Migaud, Rajendra S. Apte, Koji Uchida, Jun Yoshino, Shin-ichiro Imai, Long-Term Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Mitigates Age-Associated Physiological Decline in Mice, Cell Metabolism, Volume 24, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 795-806, ISSN 1550-4131, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.013.
- [10] Poljšak, B.; Kovač, V.; Milisav, I. Current Uncertainties and Future Challenges Regarding NAD+ Boosting Strategies. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 1637. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091637
- [11] Yaku K, Okabe K, Hikosaka K, Nakagawa T. NAD Metabolism in Cancer Therapeutics. Front Oncol. 2018 Dec 12;8:622. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00622. PMID: 30631755; PMCID: PMC6315198.
- [12] NAD.com - Foods Rich in NAD+
- [13] Sabina Chubanava, Jonas T. Treebak, Regular exercise effectively protects against the aging-associated decline in skeletal muscle NAD content, Experimental Gerontology, Volume 173, 2023, 112109, ISSN 0531-5565, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2023.112109.
- [14] David Walzik, Niklas Joisten, Alexander Schenk, Sina Trebing, Kirill Schaaf, Alan J Metcalfe, Polyxeni Spiliopoulou, Johanna Hiefner, Adrian McCann, Carsten Watzl, Per Magne Ueland, Sebastian Gehlert, Anna Worthmann, Charles Brenner, Philipp Zimmer, Acute exercise boosts NAD+ metabolism of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, Volume 123, 2025, Pages 1011-1023, ISSN 0889-1591, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.11.004.
- [15] Walzik D, Jonas W, Joisten N, Belen S, Wüst RCI, Guillemin G, Zimmer P. Tissue-specific effects of exercise as NAD+ -boosting strategy: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2023 Mar;237(3):e13921. doi: 10.1111/apha.13921. Epub 2023 Jan 10. PMID: 36599416.
- [16] de Guia RM, Agerholm M, Nielsen TS, Consitt LA, Søgaard D, Helge JW, Larsen S, Brandauer J, Houmard JA, Treebak JT. Aerobic and resistance exercise training reverses age-dependent decline in NAD+ salvage capacity in human skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep. 2019 Jul;7(12):e14139. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14139. PMID: 31207144; PMCID: PMC6577427.
- [17] NHS - Self-help Tips for Student Stress
- [18] Mental Health Foundation - Managing and Reducing Stress
- [19] NHS - Common Medical Record Abbreviations
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